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Main article: History of America
Maya hieroglyphic to zero. The Maya developed a highly advanced mathematics. Among other things invented the “zero” year around 36 a. C. It is the first documented use of zero autonomo known as today.
Until the last decades of the twentieth century prevailing theory holds that the settlement late that humans came to America from Siberia about 12-14 thousand years ago by entering through the bridge during the ice ages wurmienses Beringia. However, more recently, scientists have questioned in different areas with increasing evidence theory previous shaping a new theory that early settlement of claims not only a much older population (probably between 20,000 and 50,000 years ADP), but the use of Beringia to other alternative routes to enter from Siberia, Mongolia and other places of origin.
Machu Picchu, for example the high Inca civilization
In America there were two independent Neoliticas Revolutions in Mesoamerica, some 10,000 years ago and the Andean region of South America, some 5,500 years ago. years ago, 5000 and 6000, large groups were formed Linguistic Indian .
In America were as important civilizations Caral (the oldest city in America), the Anasazi, Pueblo Indians, Quimbaya, Nazca, Chimu, Chavin, Paracas, Mochica, Wari, Lima, Zapotec, Mixtec, Totonaca, Toltec, Olmec and Chibcha and advanced civilizations from the empires of Teotihuacan, Tiahuanaco, Maya, Inca and Aztec, among many others.
Some historians claim that the Viking colonization in America was the first from the current European territory, although there are theories that hold earlier presence. Erik the Red would have established the first colony in Greenland in the year 985. His son, Leif Eriksson would have established colonies in Newfoundland about the current year 1000, which eventually disappear over the years.
Christopher Columbus took possession of the island Guanahani
Since the arrival of Christopher Columbus to America on October 12, 1492, the introduction of new diseases such as smallpox, a demographic catastrophe that some investigators believe killed up to 93 of the population. In that context, some European empires conquered and colonized a part of the continent occupied by well-established cultures and civilizations. Spain defeated the great Aztec and Inca civilizations and established his empire throughout the Pacific coast and the basin of the Rio de la Plata, while the coastal Portugal colonizaria of what is now Brazil. France established some colonies on the Atlantic coastline from the current Canada to northern Brazil. The UK was established in the east coast of North America and in some sectors of the Caribbean coast. Holland and Denmark established colonies on small islands in the Caribbean and Russia finally conquered the area of Alaska.
It is also noted that the European conquest was rejected in various parts of the continent. Several peoples successfully resisted the encroachment on vast territories in Europe, and had dominion over them until the late nineteenth century. Patagonia, the Pampas plains, Mato Grosso, the Amazon region and the great American prairie in the west, remained under the domination of nations as the Mapuche, Het, Ranquel, Wichi, Qom, Amazonas, Algonquin, Aopi, Comanche, Inuit etc.
Diseases introduced by Europeans, like smallpox, caused the mass mortality of the populations and demographic collapse which some researchers more than 90 of the total population.
Declaration of Independence of the United States. Opened the way to the end of colonialism
They also settled in South America republics of peoples of African descent who managed to escape from slavery to which had been reduced by the Portuguese, the Quilombo of Palmares Quilombo or for Macaco.
After three centuries of colonial rule, the American people to declare their independence began claiming their right to organize themselves as nation-states, militarily confront the European powers, thus opening the global process of decolonization. The first to do so were the Thirteen Colonies by British American Revolution which gave birth to the United States in 1776, organizing a new kind of society based on new concepts such as political independence constitution, federalism and human rights.
Simon Bolivar, one of the leaders of Latin American emancipation.
In 1804 the slaves of African origin in Haiti revolted against French colonists declaring independence of this country and creating the first modern state with African leaders.
Since 1809 people under domination of Spain undertook a Spanish-American War of Independence, continent-wide, which led, after complex processes, the emergence of several nations: Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Chile , Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. Hotels in Venezuela, South America: Show on TripAdvisor reviews and photos of passengers, and some fantastic deals for 264 hotels Venezuela. DK Trip to South America (Machu Picchu, Cuzco, Peru, Patagonia, Argentina, Rio de … of the angel (the highest in the world), in the Canaima National Park (Venezuela) … DK Trip to South America (Machu Picchu, Cuzco, Peru, Patagonia, Argentina, Rio de Venezuela … This map includes a series entitled “Map of South America” …
